Security

What is Security?

In IT, security means a set of principles, technologies and processes used to protect data, systems, applications and infrastructure against unauthorized access, loss, misuse or disruption.

Scope and core concepts

This area includes authentication, encryption, access control, web application protection, email security, backup, monitoring and incident response. Important threats include phishing, ransomware, DDoS attacks, SQL Injection, XSS, brute force and man in the middle attacks.

Importance for organizations

Good security practices help maintain the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. They affect service continuity, regulatory compliance, infrastructure resilience and the trust of users and customers.

Technologies and practical context

In practice, security combines solutions such as firewall, WAF, VPN, TLS, DNSSEC, DKIM, DMARC, MFA, Zero Trust, immutable backup and penetration testing. Standards, methodologies and recommendations are also important, including OWASP, RTO and RPO, and incident response procedures.

Example roles

• cybersecurity specialist
• SOC analyst
• penetration tester
• IT security administrator
• application security engineer
• security architect
• GRC specialist
• incident response specialist